True randomness is not a feature. It is the foundation   of digital security.

Name: Q-RAND®
Brand: Quantum Base

True randomness is not a feature. It is the foundation of digital security.

Q-RAND® is a true quantum random number generator — nanoscale, room temperature, NIST-certified, and integrable into existing microelectronic systems.   If your security depends on unpredictability, it depends on Q-RAND®.

INTRODUCTION

What Q-RAND® is

Q-RAND® is a true quantum random number generator based on quantum tunnelling in a resonant tunnelling diode, a semiconductor structure governed by quantum physics. Quantum tunnelling is unpredictable in principle, not just in practice. Q-RAND® output cannot be determined in advance because it is generated by quantum events, not an algorithm. That is true randomness — the kind high-security applications require.

The problem with pseudo-random

Random number generators underpin the security of almost every digital system in use today. Cryptographic keys. Blockchain transactions. Banking authentication. Defence communications. Social media privacy. All of them depend on the quality of the random numbers they use.

Most systems rely on pseudo-random number generators — algorithms that produce sequences that appear random but are mathematically determined. Given enough information about the system, a pseudo-random output can be predicted. In high-security applications, that is not a theoretical risk. It is an exploitable vulnerability.

True random numbers cannot be predicted even if the system's internal structure and full response history are known. That distinction is the difference between security that holds and security that doesn't.

How it works

Quantum tunnelling.

In a resonant tunnelling diode, electrons tunnel through a quantum barrier in a process that is fundamentally probabilistic. The exact timing and behaviour of each tunnelling event cannot be predicted or controlled.

Random bit generation.

Q-RAND® reads the output of quantum tunnelling events as a continuous stream of random bits. The output can be used directly or further distilled using randomness extraction algorithms, depending on the application.

NIST compliance.

Bit streams comply with the full NIST suite of randomness tests — the global standard for random number generator testing in cryptographic applications.

Integration.

The semiconductor nature of the resonant tunnelling diode and the simplicity of Q-RAND®'s read circuit allow direct integration into existing and new microelectronic systems. Operating voltage levels interface directly with standard logic levels in microelectronics. No specialist infrastructure required.

Authentication.

Patented algorithms analyse the captured emission and compare it against the registered signature in the Proof-of-Print database. Under three seconds. Match: genuine. No match: not genuine. The physics doesn't negotiate.

Quantum tunnelling.

In a resonant tunnelling diode, electrons tunnel through a quantum barrier in a process that is fundamentally probabilistic. The exact timing and behaviour of each tunnelling event cannot be predicted or controlled.

Quantum tunnelling.

In a resonant tunnelling diode, electrons tunnel through a quantum barrier in a process that is fundamentally probabilistic. The exact timing and behaviour of each tunnelling event cannot be predicted or controlled.

Quantum tunnelling.

In a resonant tunnelling diode, electrons tunnel through a quantum barrier in a process that is fundamentally probabilistic. The exact timing and behaviour of each tunnelling event cannot be predicted or controlled.

Random bit generation.

Q-RAND® reads the output of quantum tunnelling events as a continuous stream of random bits. The output can be used directly or further distilled using randomness extraction algorithms, depending on the application.

Random bit generation.

Q-RAND® reads the output of quantum tunnelling events as a continuous stream of random bits. The output can be used directly or further distilled using randomness extraction algorithms, depending on the application.

Random bit generation.

Q-RAND® reads the output of quantum tunnelling events as a continuous stream of random bits. The output can be used directly or further distilled using randomness extraction algorithms, depending on the application.

NIST compliance.

Bit streams comply with the full NIST suite of randomness tests — the global standard for random number generator testing in cryptographic applications.

NIST compliance.

Bit streams comply with the full NIST suite of randomness tests — the global standard for random number generator testing in cryptographic applications.

NIST compliance.

Bit streams comply with the full NIST suite of randomness tests — the global standard for random number generator testing in cryptographic applications.

Integration.

The semiconductor nature of the resonant tunnelling diode and the simplicity of Q-RAND®'s read circuit allow direct integration into existing and new microelectronic systems. Operating voltage levels interface directly with standard logic levels in microelectronics. No specialist infrastructure required.

Integration.

The semiconductor nature of the resonant tunnelling diode and the simplicity of Q-RAND®'s read circuit allow direct integration into existing and new microelectronic systems. Operating voltage levels interface directly with standard logic levels in microelectronics. No specialist infrastructure required.

Integration.

The semiconductor nature of the resonant tunnelling diode and the simplicity of Q-RAND®'s read circuit allow direct integration into existing and new microelectronic systems. Operating voltage levels interface directly with standard logic levels in microelectronics. No specialist infrastructure required.

Authentication

Patented algorithms analyse the captured emission and compare it against the registered signature in the Proof-of-Print database. Under three seconds. Match: genuine. No match: not genuine. The physics doesn't negotiate.

Authentication

Patented algorithms analyse the captured emission and compare it against the registered signature in the Proof-of-Print database. Under three seconds. Match: genuine. No match: not genuine. The physics doesn't negotiate.

Authentication

Patented algorithms analyse the captured emission and compare it against the registered signature in the Proof-of-Print database. Under three seconds. Match: genuine. No match: not genuine. The physics doesn't negotiate.

What makes it different

What makes it
different

What makes it different

Feature

What it means in practice

True quantum randomness

Output governed by quantum physics, not algorithms. Cannot be predicted even with full knowledge of the system's internal structure and history.

Nanoscale device

The smallest scalable source of quantum randomness operating at room temperature. Designed for integration, not laboratory use.

Room temperature operation

No cryogenic cooling. No specialist environment. Operates under standard conditions, making deployment practical at scale.

Resistant to injection and biasing attacks

Single-element architecture eliminates the attack vectors that affect free-running oscillator RNGs and other state-of-the-art approaches.

NIST suite compliant

Bit stream output meets the global cryptographic standard for random number testing. Independently verified.

Direct microelectronic integration

Logic-level compatible. Integrates into existing systems without new infrastructure or specialist interfacing requirements.

Scalable

Semiconductor manufacturing means Q-RAND® scales with existing production processes. Not a bespoke solution — a manufacturable one.

Where true randomness matters

Where true randomness
matters

Banking and fintech

Authentication tokens, transaction verification, and session key generation all depend on unpredictability. True quantum randomness raises the security floor to a level no computational attack can reach.

Defence

Communications security, key management, and cryptographic infrastructure in defence applications require randomness that cannot be compromised by adversarial analysis. Q-RAND® provides it.

Simulations and gaming

Applications requiring statistically sound random outputs — from Monte Carlo simulations to regulated gaming — benefit from true randomness that eliminates the statistical artefacts of pseudo-random generation.

Cryptography

Key generation for encryption protocols requires numbers that cannot be predicted. Pseudo-random keys are a documented weakness. Q-RAND® eliminates it.

Blockchain

Public and private key generation in blockchain relies on randomness. Failures in that randomness — insufficient entropy, biased outputs, cloned keys — are among the most exploited vulnerabilities in blockchain security. Q-RAND® addresses all three.

Simulations and gaming

Communications security, key management, and cryptographic infrastructure in defence applications require randomness that cannot be compromised by adversarial analysis. Q-RAND® provides it.

Defence

Banking and fintech

Key generation for encryption protocols requires numbers that cannot be predicted. Pseudo-random keys are a documented weakness. Q-RAND® eliminates it.

Cryptography

Blockchain

The science

Q-ID® harnesses atomic-scale imperfections in quantum materials as reliable identity fingerprints. These variations are unique by physics, not design, and impossible to replicate — no manufacturing process can control matter at atomic precision. Quantum Base developed machine learning algorithms that measure these variations using only a smartphone camera. The mechanism is documented and peer-reviewed in Nature Scientific Reports. The security is independently validated science, not a vendor claim.

Proof

Already at an
industrial scale

Nanoscale quantum device

Room temperature operation

NIST suite compliant

Resistant to frequency injection and biasing attacks

Direct microelectronic integration

Patents

Live Q-ID® counter
2,952,548,214
2,952,548,215
2,952,548,215

FAQ

Frequently asked
questions

Add Q-RAND® to your portfolio, or protect your products against counterfeits.

What is a resonant tunnelling diode, in practical terms?

A simple semiconductor structure where electrons pass through a quantum barrier via tunnelling, a process quantum mechanics says is fundamentally probabilistic, not just hard to predict. Q-RAND® reads the timing of those tunnelling events as its source of randomness.

How is this different from a hardware RNG we might already be using?

Most hardware RNGs amplify thermal or electronic noise, which is difficult to predict but not impossible in principle, sophisticated attacks can model and bias it. Q-RAND®’s randomness comes from quantum tunnelling, which is unpredictable at the level of physical law, even with complete knowledge of the device and its history.

Does it need cryogenic cooling or a lab environment?

No. Q-RAND® operates at room temperature under standard conditions, which is what makes it practical to deploy at scale rather than confined to a laboratory setting.

Is Q-RAND® a chip, a module, or something we integrate into existing hardware?

Logic-level compatible and designed for direct integration into existing and new microelectronic systems, without needing specialist interfacing infrastructure.

What output rate / bit rate can we expect?

Is Q-RAND® NIST-certified, or NIST suite compliant — which is it?

NIST suite compliant: the output bit streams pass the full NIST statistical test suite for randomness, the standard used to validate RNGs for cryptographic applications. Worth using this precise phrasing rather than “certified,” which implies a different, formal accreditation process.

Can the design be independently audited?

Who’s already using Q-RAND®?

The product page names five sectors where true randomness matters, cryptography, blockchain, banking and fintech, defence, and simulations/gaming, but doesn’t name specific customers. If there are any citable deployments or pilots, adding one here would do more for credibility than the sector list alone.

Who is Quantum Base?

Quantum Base is a physics-led security technology company founded out of Lancaster University in 2015 by Professor Rob Young. The company is listed on the London Stock Exchange (LON: QUBE) and its work is backed by 40+ patents and a decade of peer-reviewed research.

What does Quantum Base actually make?

Two products, built on the same underlying science. Q-ID® is a printed atomic fingerprint that stops physical products being counterfeited, verified by smartphone. Q-RAND® is a hardware component that generates true random numbers for cryptography and security infrastructure. Different problems, same foundation: quantum behaviour that can't be predicted or replicated.

How proven is this at scale?

Over 2 billion Q-ID®s are live in market today, with zero counterfeited. The technology has been through independent adversarial testing, people trying, deliberately, to break it. Q-RAND® is NIST suite compliant and ready for integration into existing microelectronic systems. Neither product is a lab prototype.

What's actually covered by the 40+ patents?

The core science: the method for creating atomic-level uniqueness in printed ink, and the algorithms that read and verify it from a standard smartphone. It's this combination, not just the ink, and not just the app, that the patent portfolio protects.

Who works with Quantum Base?

Security printers and government revenue agencies use Q-ID® worldwide; most engagements are confidential, which is typical in this industry. Q-RAND® serves sectors where true randomness matters: cryptography, blockchain, banking and fintech, defence, and simulations and gaming.

How do I find out more or get in touch?

Get in touch and request a sample or a conversation. We'll talk through your specific use case — counterfeiting risk, randomness requirements, or both — so you can see the technology for yourself before making any commitment.

take it further

Pseudo-random is a calculated risk. Q-RAND® removes it.

Protect what you've built, with the power of atomic smartphone authentication.

Talk to the team

Read the science

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True randomness is not a feature. It is the foundation of digital security.

True randomness is not a feature. It is the foundation of digital security.

Q-RAND® is a true quantum random number generator — nanoscale, room temperature, NIST-certified, and integrable into existing microelectronic systems. If your security depends on unpredictability, it depends on Q-RAND®.

What Q-RAND® is

What Q-RAND® is

The problem with pseudo-random

Random number generators underpin the security of almost every digital system in use today. Cryptographic keys. Blockchain transactions. Banking authentication. Defence communications. Social media privacy. All of them depend on the quality of the random numbers they use.

True random numbers cannot be predicted even if the system's internal structure and full response history are known. That distinction is the difference between security that holds and security that doesn't.

How it works

How it works

Quantum tunnelling.

In a resonant tunnelling diode, electrons tunnel through a quantum barrier in a process that is fundamentally probabilistic. The exact timing and behaviour of each tunnelling event cannot be predicted or controlled.

Quantum tunnelling.

In a resonant tunnelling diode, electrons tunnel through a quantum barrier in a process that is fundamentally probabilistic. The exact timing and behaviour of each tunnelling event cannot be predicted or controlled.

Quantum tunnelling.

In a resonant tunnelling diode, electrons tunnel through a quantum barrier in a process that is fundamentally probabilistic. The exact timing and behaviour of each tunnelling event cannot be predicted or controlled.

Random bit generation.

Q-RAND® reads the output of quantum tunnelling events as a continuous stream of random bits. The output can be used directly or further distilled using randomness extraction algorithms, depending on the application.

Random bit generation.

Q-RAND® reads the output of quantum tunnelling events as a continuous stream of random bits. The output can be used directly or further distilled using randomness extraction algorithms, depending on the application.

Random bit generation.

Q-RAND® reads the output of quantum tunnelling events as a continuous stream of random bits. The output can be used directly or further distilled using randomness extraction algorithms, depending on the application.

NIST compliance.

Bit streams comply with the full NIST suite of randomness tests — the global standard for random number generator testing in cryptographic applications.

NIST compliance.

Bit streams comply with the full NIST suite of randomness tests — the global standard for random number generator testing in cryptographic applications.

NIST compliance.

Bit streams comply with the full NIST suite of randomness tests — the global standard for random number generator testing in cryptographic applications.

Integration.

Integration.

Integration.

Authentication

Patented algorithms analyse the captured emission and compare it against the registered signature in the Proof-of-Print database. Under three seconds. Match: genuine. No match: not genuine. The physics doesn't negotiate.

Authentication

Patented algorithms analyse the captured emission and compare it against the registered signature in the Proof-of-Print database. Under three seconds. Match: genuine. No match: not genuine. The physics doesn't negotiate.

Authentication

Patented algorithms analyse the captured emission and compare it against the registered signature in the Proof-of-Print database. Under three seconds. Match: genuine. No match: not genuine. The physics doesn't negotiate.

What makes it different

What makes itdifferent

What makes it different

Where true randomness matters

Where true randomnessmatters

Banking and fintech

Defence

Simulations and gaming

Cryptography

Blockchain

Simulations and gaming

Defence

Banking and fintech

Cryptography

Blockchain

The science

The science

Already at anindustrial scale

Already at anindustrial scale

Nanoscale quantum device

Nanoscale quantum device

Room temperature operation

Room temperature operation

NIST suite compliant

NIST suite compliant

Resistant to frequency injection and biasing attacks

Resistant to frequency injection and biasing attacks

Direct microelectronic integration

Direct microelectronic integration

Patents

Live Q-ID® counter

Frequently askedquestions

Frequently askedquestions

Add Q-RAND® to your portfolio, or protect your products against counterfeits.

Add Q-RAND® to your portfolio, or protect your products against counterfeits.

What is a resonant tunnelling diode, in practical terms?

How is this different from a hardware RNG we might already be using?

Does it need cryogenic cooling or a lab environment?

Is Q-RAND® a chip, a module, or something we integrate into existing hardware?

What output rate / bit rate can we expect?

Is Q-RAND® NIST-certified, or NIST suite compliant — which is it?

Can the design be independently audited?

Who’s already using Q-RAND®?

True randomness is not a feature. It is the foundation   of digital security.

Q-RAND® is a true quantum random number generator — nanoscale, room temperature, NIST-certified, and integrable into existing microelectronic systems.   If your security depends on unpredictability, it depends on Q-RAND®.

What makes it
different

Where true randomness
matters

Already at an
industrial scale

Already at an
industrial scale

Frequently asked
questions

Frequently asked
questions